Articles

Beam orientation optimization for coherent X-ray scattering from distributed deep targets

Amyloid deposits in the temporal and frontal lobes in patients with Alzheimer’s disease make them potential targets to aid in early diagnosis. Recently, spectral small-angle X-ray scattering techniques have be...

Authors: Sophya Breedlove and Aldo Badano

Effects of sub-atmospheric pressure and dissolved oxygen concentration on lesions generated in ex vivo tissues by high intensity focused ultrasound

Acoustic cavitation plays an important role in the medical treatment using high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU), but unnecessarily strong cavitation also could deform the morphology and enlarge the size of...

Authors: Min He, Zhiqiang Zhong, Deping Zeng, Xiaobo Gong, Zhibiao Wang and Faqi Li

Gait training with a wearable curara® robot for cerebellar ataxia: a single-arm study

Ataxic gait is one of the most common and disabling symptoms in people with degenerative cerebellar ataxia. Intensive and well-coordinated inpatient rehabilitation improves ataxic gait. In addition to therapis...

Authors: Akira Matsushima, Yoichi Maruyama, Noriaki Mizukami, Mikio Tetsuya, Minoru Hashimoto and Kunihiro Yoshida

Robotic devices for paediatric rehabilitation: a review of design features

Children with physical disabilities often have limited performance in daily activities, hindering their physical development, social development and mental health. Therefore, rehabilitation is essential to mit...

Authors: Alberto Gonzalez, Lorenzo Garcia, Jeff Kilby and Peter McNair

Hypoxia-inducible transcription factor-1α inhibition by topotecan protects against lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation and apoptosis of cardiomyocytes

Myocarditis, an inflammatory disease of the myocardium, is a serious hazard to human life due to the expansion of inflammatory lesions in the myocardium. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of hy...

Authors: Ying Zhang, Yi Xu, Ke Zhou, Guoying Kao, Meng Yan and Jun Xiao

Prediction of exercise sudden death in rabbit exhaustive swimming using deep neural network

Moderate exercise contributes to good health. However, excessive exercise may lead to cardiac fatigue, myocardial damage and even exercise sudden death. Monitoring the heart health has important implication to...

Authors: Yao Zhang, Yineng Zheng, Menglu Wang and Xingming Guo

High-resolution probe design for measuring the dielectric properties of human tissues

In order to use the microwave to measure the dielectric constant of the human body and improve the measurement resolution, a small near-field probe working at 915 MHz is designed in this paper.

Authors: Xinran Wang, Hongfu Guo, Chen Zhou and Junkai Bai

The impact of impaired DNA mobility on gene electrotransfer efficiency: analysis in 3D model

Gene electrotransfer is an established method that enables transfer of DNA into cells with electric pulses. Several studies analyzed and optimized different parameters of gene electrotransfer, however, one of ...

Authors: Saša Haberl Meglič and Mojca Pavlin

Assessment of turbulent blood flow and wall shear stress in aortic coarctation using image-based simulations

Authors: Romana Perinajová, Joe F. Juffermans, Jonhatan Lorenzo Mercado, Jean-Paul Aben, Leon Ledoux, Jos J. M. Westenberg, Hildo J. Lamb and Saša Kenjereš

A transcription factor that promotes proliferation, migration, invasion, and epithelial–mesenchymal transition of ovarian cancer cells and its possible mechanisms

Ovarian cancer is one of the most common gynecological malignancies with the high morbidity and mortality. This study was aimed to explore the role of non-structure maintenance of chromosomes condensin I compl...

Authors: Yingying Qi, Kexin Mo and Ting Zhang

Advancing global health through engineering: a perspective on teaching an online global health course to engineers during a global pandemic

The effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on higher education has been felt worldwide. There are many lessons to be learned about teaching and learning in the digital age. While we evaluate the full impact and prepa...

Authors: Seema Biswas, Oren Dahan, Evgeny Solomonov, Igor Waksman and Orit Braun Benyamin

The significance of homeodomain transcription factor 2 in colon cancer cells

Colon cancer is a serious malignant tumor. It has been reported that paired-like homeodomain transcription factor 2 (PITX2) can promote the progression of several types of cancer via regulating the Wnt/β-caten...

Authors: Yang He, Peng Gong, Sitong Wang, Qing Xu and Jianhua Chen

Aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 alleviates monosodium iodoacetate-induced oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis in chondrocytes via inhibiting aquaporin 4 expression

Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is a common cause of disability among the elderly. We aimed to explore the effects of aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) 2 on the progression of KOA and identifying the potential mechanisms.

Authors: Lingxiao Pan, Wei Ding, Jie Li, Kaifeng Gan, Yandong Shen, Junxiang Xu and Minzhe Zheng

Effect of local ozone treatment on rats with anterior rectal resection and the possible mechanisms

Anterior resection syndrome (ARS) is characterized by the diverse and interchangeable evacuatory symptoms that may occur following distal colorectal resection. We aimed to investigate the effect and potential ...

Authors: Wei Zhang, Meng Wu, Peng Chen, Jiamin Zhang, Jiaze Ma, Yile Cheng, Xiaoliu Li, Junjie Hu, Wanli Li, Yuxin Du, Kang Ding and Zhimin Fan

ACCV: automatic classification algorithm of cataract video based on deep learning

A real-time automatic cataract-grading algorithm based on cataract video is proposed.

Authors: Shenming Hu, Xinze Luan, Hong Wu, Xiaoting Wang, Chunhong Yan, Jingying Wang, Guantong Liu and Wei He

Diagnostic accuracy of coronary computed tomography angiography-derived fractional flow reserve

Fractional flow reserve (FFR) is a widely used gold standard to evaluate ischemia-causing lesions. A new method of non-invasive approach, termed as AccuFFRct, for calculating FFR based on coronary computed tomogr...

Authors: Wenbing Jiang, Yibin Pan, Yumeng Hu, Xiaochang Leng, Jun Jiang, Li Feng, Yongqing Xia, Yong Sun, Jian’an Wang, Jianping Xiang and Changling Li

Thymoquinone loading into hydroxyapatite/alginate scaffolds accelerated the osteogenic differentiation of the mesenchymal stem cells

Phytochemical agents such as thymoquinone (TQ) have osteogenic property. This study aimed to investigate the synergic impact of TQ and hydroxyapatite on mesenchymal stem cell differentiation. Alginate was also...

Authors: Ebrahim Rahmani-Moghadam, Tahereh Talaei-Khozani, Vahideh Zarrin and Zahra Vojdani

Sch-net: a deep learning architecture for automatic detection of schizophrenia

Schizophrenia is a chronic and severe mental disease, which largely influences the daily life and work of patients. Clinically, schizophrenia with negative symptoms is usually misdiagnosed. The diagnosis is al...

Authors: Jia Fu, Sen Yang, Fei He, Ling He, Yuanyuan Li, Jing Zhang and Xi Xiong

An amplitude-based characteristic parameter extraction algorithm for cerebral edema detection based on electromagnetic induction

Cerebral edema is a common condition secondary to any type of neurological injury. The early diagnosis and monitoring of cerebral edema is of great importance to improve the prognosis. In this article, a flexi...

Authors: Jingbo Chen, Gen Li, Huayou Liang, Shuanglin Zhao, Jian Sun and Mingxin Qin

Efficient methods for acute stress detection using heart rate variability data from Ambient Assisted Living sensors

Using Ambient Assisted Living sensors to detect acute stress could help people mitigate the harmful effects of everyday stressful situations. This would help both the healthy and those affected more by sudden ...

Authors: Benedek Szakonyi, István Vassányi, Edit Schumacher and István Kósa

ABrainVis: an android brain image visualization tool

The visualization and analysis of brain data such as white matter diffusion tractography and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) volumes is commonly used by neuro-specialist and researchers to help the understand...

Authors: Ignacio Osorio, Miguel Guevara, Danilo Bonometti, Diego Carrasco, Maxime Descoteaux, Cyril Poupon, Jean-François Mangin, Cecilia Hernández and Pamela Guevara

Classification of microcalcification clusters in digital breast tomosynthesis using ensemble convolutional neural network

The classification of benign and malignant microcalcification clusters (MCs) is an important task for computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) of digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) images. Influenced by imaging method, ...

Authors: Bingbing Xiao, Haotian Sun, You Meng, Yunsong Peng, Xiaodong Yang, Shuangqing Chen, Zhuangzhi Yan and Jian Zheng

Cobalt-doped bioceramic scaffolds fabricated by 3D printing show enhanced osteogenic and angiogenic properties for bone repair

The bone regeneration of artificial bone grafts is still in need of a breakthrough to improve the processes of bone defect repair. Artificial bone grafts should be modified to enable angiogenesis and thus impr...

Authors: Jungang Li, Chaoqian Zhao, Chun Liu, Zhenyu Wang, Zeming Ling, Bin Lin, Bizhi Tan, Linquan Zhou, Yan Chen, Delong Liu, Xuenong Zou and Wenge Liu

Causes of altered ventricular mechanics in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: an in-silico study

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is typically caused by mutations in sarcomeric genes leading to cardiomyocyte disarray, replacement fibrosis, impaired contractility, and elevated filling pressures. These var...

Authors: Ekaterina Kovacheva, Tobias Gerach, Steffen Schuler, Marco Ochs, Olaf Dössel and Axel Loewe

Evaluation of dry textile electrodes for long-term electrocardiographic monitoring

Continuous long-term electrocardiography monitoring has been increasingly recognized for early diagnosis and management of different types of cardiovascular diseases. To find an alternative to Ag/AgCl gel elec...

Authors: Milad Alizadeh-Meghrazi, Binbin Ying, Alessandra Schlums, Emily Lam, Ladan Eskandarian, Farhana Abbas, Gurjant Sidhu, Amin Mahnam, Bastien Moineau and Milos R. Popovic

Ribonucleic acid-binding protein CPSF6 promotes glycolysis and suppresses apoptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma cells by inhibiting the BTG2 expression

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is currently the sixth most common malignancy and the second major cause of tumor-related deaths in the world. This study aimed to investigate the role of cleavage and polyadenyl...

Authors: Yang Liu, Hongbo Zou, Qichao Xie, Lan Zou, Rui Kong and Bijing Mao

An image fusion system for corrective osteotomy of distal radius malunion

To provide surgical support for corrective osteotomy, we developed an image fusion system for three-dimensional (3D) preoperative planning and fluoroscopy. To assess the utility of this image fusion system, we...

Authors: Yuichi Yoshii, Takeshi Ogawa, Yuki Hara, Yasukazu Totoki and Tomoo Ishii

Celastrol inhibits the proliferation and angiogenesis of high glucose-induced human retinal endothelial cells

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is one of the most common microvascular complications of diabetes. Celastrol plays a certain role in the improvement of various diabetes complications. Therefore, this study aimed to ...

Authors: Jian Fang and Xiaoke Chang

An immune-related pseudogene signature to improve prognosis prediction of endometrial carcinoma patients

Pseudogenes show multiple functions in various cancer types, and immunotherapy is a promising cancer treatment. Therefore, this study aims to identify immune-related pseudogene signature in endometrial cancer ...

Authors: Shanshan Tang and Yiyi Zhuge

Machine learning classification of texture features of MRI breast tumor and peri-tumor of combined pre- and early treatment predicts pathologic complete response

This study used machine learning classification of texture features from MRI of breast tumor and peri-tumor at multiple treatment time points in conjunction with molecular subtypes to predict eventual patholog...

Authors: Lal Hussain, Pauline Huang, Tony Nguyen, Kashif J. Lone, Amjad Ali, Muhammad Salman Khan, Haifang Li, Doug Young Suh and Tim Q. Duong

Machine-learning-based children’s pathological gait classification with low-cost gait-recognition system

Pathological gaits of children may lead to terrible diseases, such as osteoarthritis or scoliosis. By monitoring the gait pattern of a child, proper therapeutic measures can be recommended to avoid the terribl...

Authors: Linghui Xu, Jiansong Chen, Fei Wang, Yuting Chen, Wei Yang and Canjun Yang

Biomedical signals and machine learning in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: a systematic review

The use of machine learning (ML) techniques in healthcare encompasses an emerging concept that envisages vast contributions to the tackling of rare diseases. In this scenario, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (AL...

Authors: Felipe Fernandes, Ingridy Barbalho, Daniele Barros, Ricardo Valentim, César Teixeira, Jorge Henriques, Paulo Gil and Mário Dourado Júnior

COMSOL Multiphysics® modelling of oxygen diffusion through a cellulose nanofibril conduit employed for peripheral nerve repair

Peripheral nerve injury can cause significant impairment, and the current methods for facilitating repair, particularly over distances greater than approximately 1 mm, are not entirely effective. Allografts, a...

Authors: Julia Towne, Nicklaus Carter and David J. Neivandt

In vitro delivery efficiencies of nebulizers for different breathing patterns

Nebulizers are medical devices that deliver aerosolized medication directly to lungs to treat a variety of respiratory diseases. However, breathing patterns, respiration rates, airway diameters, and amounts of...

Authors: Hyun Mok Park, Kyung Hwa Chang, Sang-Hyub Moon, Bong Joo Park, Sun Kook Yoo and Ki Chang Nam

The analgesic efficacy of extracorporeal shock wave combined with percutaneous vertebroplasty in the treatment of osteoporotic thoracolumbar compression fractures in postmenopausal women

To explore the analgesic efficacy of extracorporeal shock wave (ESW) combined with percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP) after reduction in overextension position in the treatment of osteoporotic thoracolumbar com...

Authors: Xiaowei Liu, Hui Wang, Yang Zhang, Mingling Wang, Yujin Qiu, Xiaodong Sun and Sheng Wang

Lesion segmentation in breast ultrasound images using the optimized marked watershed method

Breast cancer is one of the most serious diseases threatening women’s health. Early screening based on ultrasound can help to detect and treat tumours in the early stage. However, due to the lack of radiologis...

Authors: Xiaoyan Shen, He Ma, Ruibo Liu, Hong Li, Jiachuan He and Xinran Wu

Prenatal prediction and typing of placental invasion using MRI deep and radiomic features

To predict placental invasion (PI) and determine the subtype according to the degree of implantation, and to help physicians develop appropriate therapeutic measures, a prenatal prediction and typing of placen...

Authors: Rongrong Xuan, Tao Li, Yutao Wang, Jian Xu and Wei Jin

Three-dimensional analysis of the characteristics of joint motion and gait pattern in a rodent model following spinal nerve ligation

The spinal nerve ligation (SNL) rat is well known as the most common rodent model of neuropathic pain without motor deficit. Researchers have performed analyses using only the von Frey and thermal withdrawal t...

Authors: Takayuki Seto, Hidenori Suzuki, Tomoya Okazaki, Yasuaki Imajo, Norihiro Nishida, Masahiro Funaba, Tsukasa Kanchiku, Toshihiko Taguchi and Takashi Sakai

A novel specific grading standard study of auto-segmentation of organs at risk in thorax: subjective–objective-combined grading standard

To develop a novel subjective–objective-combined (SOC) grading standard for auto-segmentation for each organ at risk (OAR) in the thorax.

Authors: Yanchen Ying, Hao Wang, Hua Chen, Jianfan Cheng, Hengle Gu, Yan Shao, Yanhua Duan, Aihui Feng, Wen Feng, Xiaolong Fu, Hong Quan and Zhiyong Xu

How muscle stiffness affects human body model behavior

Active human body models (AHBM) consider musculoskeletal movement and joint stiffness via active muscle truss elements in the finite element (FE) codes in dynamic application. In the latest models, such as THU...

Authors: Niclas Trube, Werner Riedel and Matthias Boljen

Development of a non-invasive method for skin cholesterol detection: pre-clinical assessment in atherosclerosis screening

Establishing a high-accuracy and non-invasive method is essential for evaluating cardiovascular disease. Skin cholesterol is a novel marker for assessing the risk of atherosclerosis and can be used as an indep...

Authors: Jingshu Ni, Haiou Hong, Yang Zhang, Shiqi Tang, Yongsheng Han, Zhaohui Fang, Yuanzhi Zhang, Nan Zhou, Quanfu Wang, Yong Liu, Zhongsheng Li, YiKun Wang and Meili Dong

Automated laryngeal mass detection algorithm for home-based self-screening test based on convolutional neural network

Early detection of laryngeal masses without periodic visits to hospitals is essential for improving the possibility of full recovery and the long-term survival ratio after prompt treatment, as well as reducing...

Authors: Gun Ho Kim, Eui-Suk Sung and Kyoung Won Nam

Discrimination between healthy and patients with Parkinson’s disease from hand resting activity using inertial measurement unit

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurological disease that affects the motor system. The associated motor symptoms are muscle rigidity or stiffness, bradykinesia, tremors, and gait disturbances. The correct diagn...

Authors: Luciano Brinck Peres, Bruno Coelho Calil, Ana Paula Sousa Paixão Barroso da Silva, Valdeci Carlos Dionísio, Marcus Fraga Vieira, Adriano de Oliveira Andrade and Adriano Alves Pereira

Assessment of medical equipment maintenance management: proposed checklist using Iranian experience

Effective maintenance management of medical equipment is one of the major issues for quality of care, for providing cost-effective health services and for saving scarce resources. This study aimed to develop a...

Authors: Morteza Arab-Zozani, Ali Imani, Leila Doshmangir, Koustuv Dalal and Rona Bahreini

Application of an ultrasound semi-quantitative assessment in the degradation of silk fibroin scaffolds in vivo

Research on the degradation of silk fibroin (SF) scaffolds in vivo lacks uniform and effective standards and experimental evaluation methods. This study aims to evaluate the application of ultrasound in assess...

Authors: Lihui Cai, Nan Gao, TingYu Sun, Ke Bi, Xin Chen and Xia Zhao

Understanding the influence of left ventricular assist device inflow cannula alignment and the risk of intraventricular thrombosis

Adverse neurological events associated with left ventricular assist devices (LVADs) have been suspected to be related to thrombosis. This study aimed to understand the risks of thrombosis with variations in th...

Authors: Michael Neidlin, Sam Liao, Zhiyong Li, Benjamin Simpson, David M. Kaye, Ulrich Steinseifer and Shaun Gregory

Critical evaluation of stents in coronary angioplasty: a systematic review

Coronary stents are routinely placed in the treatment and prophylaxis of coronary artery disease (CAD). Current coronary stent designs are prone to developing blockages: in-stent thrombosis (IST) and in-stent ...

Authors: Joseph Robert Stevens, Ava Zamani, James Ian Atkins Osborne, Reza Zamani and Mohammad Akrami

Viscoelasticity measured by shear wave elastography in a rat model of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: comparison with dynamic mechanical analysis

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is rapidly becoming one of the most common liver diseases. Ultrasound elastography has been used for the diagnosis of NAFLD. However, clinical research on steatosis by ...

Authors: Zhaoke Pi, Mengke Wang, Haoming Lin, Yanrong Guo, Siping Chen, Xianfen Diao, Hui Xia, Guoqiang Liu, Jie Zeng, Xinyu Zhang and Xin Chen

A precision medicine framework for personalized simulation of hemodynamics in cerebrovascular disease

Cerebrovascular disease, in particular stroke, is a major public health challenge. An important biomarker is cerebral hemodynamics. To measure and quantify cerebral hemodynamics, however, only invasive, potent...

Authors: Dietmar Frey, Michelle Livne, Heiko Leppin, Ela M. Akay, Orhun U. Aydin, Jonas Behland, Jan Sobesky, Peter Vajkoczy and Vince I. Madai

Are sunglasses appropriate for driving? Investigation and prototype for public testing

Good vision through sunglasses is important to safety when driving and ISO 12312-1:2013 sets requirements for luminous transmittance and the transmittance of traffic signals.

Authors: Artur D. Loureiro and Liliane Ventura