Fig. 4

The comparison of bone healing state between the compressive and tensile sides of peri-implant bone. a Toluidine blue histological staining of the peri-bone in the compressive and tensile sides. OB: old bone (light blue), NB: new bone (dark blue), and the implant (black). Scale bar, 100 μm. b Qualification of new bone and old bone area (%) at ROIs in the compressive and tensile sides (n = 9, Mann–Whitney test). c Sequential fluorescent labeled images of the peri-bone in the compressive and tensile sides, showing calcein (green) and alizarin red (red). Scale bar, 100 μm. d Analysis of the dynamic parameter MAR and BFR/BS at ROIs in the compressive and tensile sides (n = 9, Mann–Whitney test). All data are represented as mean ± SD. **p < 0.01. ***p < 0.001