Table 2 Kinematic and other variables, and source signals used in one 360° turn-in-place assessment
From: Beyond timing and step counting in 360° turning-in-place assessment: a scoping review
Overall data acquisition systems | Variable | Source data for variable | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sensor location | Signal | Axis/plane | |||
[73] | 3 IMU sensors | Mean angular velocity | NR—computed by proprietary software of the sensors manufacturer | ||
Turn duration | NR—computed by proprietary software of the sensors manufacturer | ||||
[69] | 3 IMU sensors | Mean angular velocity | lower back | Angular velocity | Yaw |
[70] | 3 IMU sensors | Mean angular velocity | NR—computed by proprietary software of the sensors manufacturer | ||
Turn duration | NR—computed by proprietary software of the sensors manufacturer | ||||
[75] | 3 IMU sensors | Peak angular velocity | NR | NR | NR |
Mean angle | NR—computed by proprietary software of the sensors manufacturer | ||||
Turn duration | NR—computed by proprietary software of the sensors manufacturer | ||||
[74] | 3 IMU sensors | Peak angular velocity | NR | NR | NR |
Mean angle | NR—computed by proprietary software of the sensors manufacturer | ||||
Turn duration | NR—computed by proprietary software of the sensors manufacturer | ||||
[65] | 2 Gyroscopes | Number of steps | Shank | Angular velocity | Pitch |
Turn duration | Shank | Angular velocity | Pitch | ||
[59] | 9 IMU sensors | Turn velocity | NR | NR | NR |
Turn duration | NR | NR | NR | ||
[72] | 4 IMU sensors | Mean angular velocity | Trunk | Angular velocity | Pitch |
Mean angular velocity | Lower back | Angular velocity | Pitch | ||
Mean angular velocity | Shank | Angular velocity | Pitch | ||
Mean angular velocity | Trunk | Angular velocity | Yaw | ||
Mean angular velocity | Lower back | Angular velocity | Yaw | ||
Mean angular velocity | Shank | Angular velocity | Yaw | ||
Mean angular velocity | Trunk | Angular velocity | Roll | ||
Mean angular velocity | Lower back | Angular velocity | Roll | ||
Range of motion | Trunk | Angular velocity | Pitch | ||
Range of motion | Lower Back | Angular velocity | Pitch | ||
Range of motion | Shank | Angular velocity | Pitch | ||
Range of motion | Lower Back | Angular velocity | Roll | ||
Range of motion | Trunk | Angular velocity | Pitch | ||
Turn duration | Shank | Angular velocity | Yaw | ||
Number of cycles | Shank | Angular velocity | Pitch | ||
[76] | Motion camera system, force plate | Peak/mean head–trunk angle | Head, trunk | Position | NR |
Peak/mean trunk–pelvis angle | Trunk, pelvis | Position | NR | ||
Turn duration | Head, trunk, pelvis | Position | TP | ||
Number of steps | NA | Force + NR | NA | ||
Trunk onset | Trunk | Position | NR | ||
Pelvis onset | Pelvis | Position | NR | ||
Foot onset | NR | NR | NR | ||
CoP to head time | Head | Force + position | NR | ||
CoP to CoM time | Whole body | Force + position | NR | ||
[71] | Motion camera system, force plate | Total/mean double support time (s) | NR | Force + position | NR |
Total/mean critical time | NR | Force + position | NR | ||
Number of turn cycles | NR | NR | NR | ||
[77] | Motion camera system | Turn angle | Trunk | Position | TP |
Turn velocity | Trunk | Position | TP | ||
[58] | Motion camera system | Turn angle | Trunk | Position | TP |
Number of steps | NR | NR | NR | ||
Turn duration | NR | NR | NR | ||
[67] | Motion camera system | Turning area | NR | Position | NR |
AP-RMS/ML-RMS distance | NR | Position | TP | ||
Number of steps | NR | NR | NR | ||
Turn duration | NR | NR | NR | ||