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Table 1 Comparison of differences in anatomical measures of the angle between mechanical and anatomical axis, bow angle, diaphyseal–condylar angle, femoral neck angle and version angle calculated using posterior condylar axis and trans-epicondylar axis for reconstructions using the image intensities and the contour measures with projections to the anterior–posterior (AP) and mediolateral (ML) projections

From: 3D shape reconstruction of the femur from planar X-ray images using statistical shape and appearance models

 

0%

10%

20%

50%

All defect levels

AP

AP + ML

AP

AP + ML

AP

AP + ML

AP

AP + ML

AP

AP + ML

Intensity

Mech-anat Axis

0.58

0.45

0.65

0.61

0.88

0.48

0.70

0.73

0.65

0.58

p = 0.49

p = 0.79

p = 0.2

p = 0.85

p = 0.26

Bow

0.67

0.87B

0.95

1.02

1.08

1.36C

1.11

1.41B

0.93

1.14

p = 0.31

p = 0.47

p = 0.025

p = 0.1

p = 0.001

Diaphyseal–condylar

2.92

3.75A

2.75C

3.82A

4.46

9.07A

5.81C

7.06

3.85

5.06

p = 0.77

p = 0.21

p = 0.08

p = 0.89

p = 0.14

Neck

2.88D

2.35

3.28

3.45

4.03D

3.88

3.62

3.80

3.47

3.40

p = 0.83

p = 0.61

p = 0.95

p = 0.84

p = 0.79

Version (PCA)

5.80

6.00

5.86

11.15

6.06

9.58

6.25

9.49

6.06

9.16

p = 0.73

p = 0.007

p = 0.09

p = 0.13

p = 0.002

Version (TEA)

6.28

6.61

8.05

9.50

6.97

9.81

6.35

8.28

6.68

7.94

p = 0.87

p = 0.03

p = 0.11

p = 0.41

p = 0.03

Contour

Mech-anat Axis

0.54

0.47

0.60

0.46

0.54

0.46

0.56

0.53

0.56

0.47

p = 0.42

p = 0.34

p = 0.46

p = 0.86

p = 0.17

Bow

0.91

0.70

1.22

0.67

1.50

0.84

0.97

0.92

0.75

1.09

p = 0.09

p = 0.06

p = 0.006

p = 0.57

p = 0.0006

Diaphyseal–condylar

1.61

1.93

2.29

2.11

2.32

3.89

2.72

3.27

2.26

2.57

p = 0.77

p = 0.87

p = 0.07

p = 0.63

p = 0.17

Neck

2.12

1.77

1.79

2.08

2.13

1.49

2.95

1.99

2.18

1.87

p = 0.25

p = 0.86

p = 0.40

p = 0.03

p = 0.05

Version (PCA)

6.32

4.40A

5.46

5.51

5.47

8.34A

6.71

8.38

6.28

6.57

p = 0.24

p = 0.78

p = 0.06

p = 0.32

p = 0.35

Version (TEA)

8.00

5.38A

6.72

6.88

7.70

11.02A

8.70

9.64

7.87

7.84

p = 0.10

p = 0.84

p = 0.19

p = 0.37

p = 0.85

  1. All values are in degrees (°), and p values underneath values compare values between AP and AP/ML projections. Significant differences between defect levels are indicated using superscripts
  2. Ap < 0.01
  3. Bp = 0.02
  4. Cp = 0.03
  5. Dp = 0.04