Fig. 1

Effects of AuNPs combined with hBD3 on alveolar bone loss. a The view of the alveolar bone level was shown by micro-CT through three-dimensional reconstruction images; b The BMD (bone mineral density), BV (bone volume), bone fraction (BV/TV) and TV (tissue volume) in the interradicular regions of the second maxillary molars of each group (n = 5 per group). ^*P < 0.05, ^**P < 0.01, ^***P < 0.001, ^****P < 0.0001, compared with the NaCl + ligation group. ^#P < 0.05, ^##P < 0.01, ^###P < 0.001