Fig. 4

Sagittal trajectories of ankle joint by 3D kinematics gait analysis. The angle of rise during the first 2/3 of the swing phase in SNL, left diagrams, was smaller than that in the sham. The SNL rats continuously moved the ankle up more rapidly during the last 1/3 of the swing phase compared to that in the sham rats. These trajectory patterns defined the characteristic ankle movement in SNL rats. OP, operation; n.s