DS21, a new noninvasive technology, is effective and safe for screening for prediabetes and diabetes in Chinese population

Table 4 The sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio, negative likelihood ratio, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and Youden index under different diagnostic threshold to diagnose NC/AGM, NC/IGR, IGR/DM, and NDM/DM

Cut-off value	Sensitivity	Specificity	PLR	NLR	PPV	NPV	Youden index
NC/AGM
77.1	0.695	0.737	2.645	0.414	0.796	0.565	0.432
77.0	0.695	0.736	2.629	0.415	0.832	0.563	0.431
76.1	0.724	0.706	2.460	0.391	0.839	0.544	0.430
75.0	0.769	0.660	2.262	0.349	0.851	0.583	0.429
75.8	0.740	0.688	2.375	0.377	0.843	0.537	0.429
NC/IGR
77.1	0.718	0.695	2.352	0.406	0.702	0.708	0.413
77.0	0.715	0.695	2.342	0.411	0.703	0.706	0.410
77.1	0.718	0.692	2.328	0.408	0.702	0.708	0.410
77.0	0.712	0.695	2.331	0.415	0.703	0.706	0.406
77.2	0.718	0.688	2.303	0.410	0.700	0.707	0.406
NDM/DM
68.4	0.726	0.555	1.632	0.493	0.510	0.760	0.281
68.5	0.721	0.555	1.621	0.502	0.506	0.759	0.276
68.3	0.726	0.549	1.609	0.499	0.507	0.758	0.275
68.6	0.720	0.555	1.617	0.505	0.504	0.759	0.275
71.5	0.654	0.621	1.724	0.558	0.479	0.770	0.274
IGR/DM
51.0	0.307	0.824	1.743	0.841	0.641	0.253	0.131
50.8	0.304	0.824	1.725	0.845	0.638	0.253	0.128
51.1	0.307	0.821	1.712	0.844	0.632	0.250	0.128
53.7	0.332	0.795	1.620	0.840	0.624	0.243	0.127
58.1	0.382	0.744	1.492	0.831	0.602	0.223	0.126

PLR positive likelihood ratio, NLR negative likelihood ratio, PPV positive predictive value, NPV negative predictive value, NC normal control, AGM abnormal glucose metabolism (including IGR+DM), IGR impaired glucose regulation, NDM non-diabetes (including NC+IGR), DM diabetes

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