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Table 4 Multiple disease detection. The datasets, manifestations, assessment measures and results are shown in each column, respectively

From: Computer-aided detection in chest radiography based on artificial intelligence: a survey

Study

Datasets

Conditions

Measurements

Results

Avni et al. [104]

Custom

Left and right pulmonary pleural effusion, cardiomegaly, and septum enlargement

AUC

Left and right pulmonary pleural effusion: 80%; cardiomegaly: 79.2%; septum enlargement: 88.2%

Noor et al. [105]

Custom

Lobar pneumonia, tuberculosis, and lung cancer

Accuracy

70%, 97%, and 79%, respectively

Bar et al. [75]

Custom

Right pleural effusion, cardiomegaly, health, and abnormal disease

AUC

93%, 89%, and 79%, respectively

Cicero et al. [106]

Custom

Normal, cardiomegaly, pleural effusion, pulmonary edema, and pneumothorax

AUC

96.4%, 87.5%, 85%, 96.2%, 86.8%, and 86.1%, respectively

Wang et al. [23]

Chest-Xray14

14 common diseases in CXRs

AUC

Mean: 73.8%

Yao et al. [107]

Chest-Xray14

14 common diseases in CXRs

AUC

Mean: 80.3%; however, limited training focuses on biased interdependence and cannot accurately represent the actual distribution of morbidities

Rajpurkar et al. [13]

Chest-Xray14

14 common diseases in CXRs

AUC

Mean: 84.2%; pneumonia (76.8%) exceeded the human level

Kumar et al. [109]

Chest-Xray14

14 common diseases in CXRs

AUC

Mean: 79.5%; cardiomegaly (91.33%) beyond the previous method

Guan et al. [111]

Chest-Xray14

14 common diseases in CXRs

AUC

Mean: 87.1%