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Table 1 Mean stiffness (K) and load values (F) for all specimens of both plate constructs in each loading direction with their respective standard deviations (S.D.) and p values from pairwise statistical comparisons

From: Hybrid blade and locking plate fixation for proximal humerus fractures: a comparative biomechanical analysis

Loading direction/variable

Fx plate construct ± S.D.

PHILOS plate construct ± S.D.

p value

Extension

 K (N/mm)

8.770 ± 0.156

9.533 ± 0.286

< 0.001

 F5 (N)

43.979 ± 0.596

47.749 ± 1.510

< 0.001

Flexion

 K (N/mm)

9.541 ± 0.221

9.997 ± 0.298

< 0.05

 F5 (N)

47.711 ± 0.775

49.981 ± 1.569

< 0.05

Valgus

 K (N/mm)

6.900 ± 0.200

6.091 ± 0.181

< 0.001

 F5 (N)

35.131 ± 0.617

29.746 ± 0.815

< 0.001

Varus

 K (N/mm)

7.590 ± 0.196

6.609 ± 0.256

< 0.001

 F5 (N)

37.792 ± 0.990

32.561 ± 1.075

< 0.001

 F15a (N)

84.470 ± 1.547

75.590 ± 3.049

< 0.001

 F15b (N)

79.304 ± 2.507

71.558 ± 3.303

< 0.01

 F30 (N)

134.391 ± 3.574

115.531 ± 6.336

< 0.001

  1. K and F5 are the stiffness and peak load values during elastic tests, respectively. F15a and F15b are loads at 15 mm before and after eight-minute intermission and F30 is the load at 30 mm