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Table 4 AEMG of agonist and antagonist required for lumbar activities during the four movements

From: Co-contraction characteristics of lumbar muscles in patients with lumbar disc herniation during different types of movement

Movement

LDH (%MV)

Healthy control (%MV)

Agonist

Antagonist

Difference

Agonist

Antagonist

Difference

Forward bending

62.48 ± 8.32

33.78 ± 4.34

28.70**

69.45 ± 6.75

27.95 ± 3.90

41.50**

Backward bending

23.51 ± 4.45

70.67 ± 7.55

− 47.15**

28.46 ± 4.75

56.18 ± 6.30

− 27.72**

Left lateral flexion

39.59 ± 5.81

52.44 ± 6.75

− 12.84**

46.71 ± 6.16

43.20 ± 5.58

3.50*

Right lateral flexion

37.06 ± 5.88

50.37 ± 5.64

− 13.31**

47.64 ± 5.83

41.62 ± 4.68

6.02**

  1. Values are mean ± standard deviation (SD), * significant level at 0.05; ** significant level at 0.01
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