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Table 1 The comparison of the differences of the angle estimation results (degree)

From: An efficient framework for estimation of muscle fiber orientation using ultrasonography

ap-op**

Proposed method

RVHT* without enhancement

RVHT with enhancement

Mean

0.11

0.18

0.13

Standard error

0.06

0.10

0.07

Median

0.13

0.07

0.08

Standard deviation

0.92

1.23

0.91

Kurtosis

4.03

5.81

13.45

Skewness

-0.52

0.88

-1.57

Range

7.81

10.71

9.41

Minimum

-4.89

-4.90

-5.46

Maximum

2.99

5.81

3.96

Sum

37.40

30.12

24.09

Count (total line detected)

314

168

305

False line detected

1

3

1

  1. *RVHT = revoting Hough transform.
  2. **ap and op stand for the results of the proposed methods and the mean of the results from two operators.