From: The effects of increased fluid viscosity on swallowing sounds in healthy adults
Neutral position | Chin-tuck position | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Feature | Water | Nectar-thick | Honey-thick | Water | Nectar-thick | Honey-thick |
apple juice | apple juice | apple juice | apple juice | |||
σ∗ A-P | 1.39 ±0.05 | 1.16 ±0.03 | 0.39 ±0.02 | 1.39 ±0.04 | 1.39 ±0.04 | 1.39 ±0.04 |
σ∗ S-I | 1.11 ±0.06 | 0.96 ±0.03 | 1.16 ±0.05 | 1.16 ±0.05 | 1.16 ±0.04 | 1.16 ±0.05 |
ν A-P | -0.73 ±0.22 | -1.39 ±0.23 | -0.74 ±0.21 | -2.31 ±0.43 | -2.24 ±0.49 | -1.31 ±0.42 |
ν S-I | 0.28 ±0.32 | 0.14 ±0.37 | -0.49 ±0.39 | -0.13 ±0.31 | -0.69 ±0.29 | -0.54 ±0.37 |
ϖ A-P | 64.5 ±12.8 | 62.7 ±16.7 | 64.1 ±13.6 | 173 ±30.5 | 193 ±42.1 | 183 ±33.6 |
ϖ S-I | 81.8 ±17.0 | 121 ±28.1 | 118 ±32.2 | 96.9 ±21.2 | 193 ±21.5 | 145 ±22.6 |
ρ∗ A-P | 98.8 ±0.04 | 99.1 ±0.02 | 99.1 ±0.04 | 98.5 ±0.07 | 98.8 ±0.06 | 99.1 ±0.04 |
ρ∗ S-I | 99.1 ±0.03 | 99.2 ±0.02 | 99.2 ±0.03 | 98.5 ±0.08 | 98.8 ±0.04 | 98.9 ±0.04 |
L Z∗ A-P | 5.46 ±0.12 | 4.97 ±0.12 | 4.92 ±0.14 | 6.26 ±0.19 | 5.44 ±0.17 | 4.83 ±0.14 |
L Z∗ S-I | 6.36 ±0.14 | 6.21 ±0.15 | 6.31 ±0.16 | 7.17 ±0.22 | 6.42 ±0.21 | 5.91 ±0.18 |