Figure 6From: Closed-loop real-time simulation model of hemodynamics and oxygen transport in the cardiovascular systemIntracardiac pressure-volume loops from the left ventricle (left panel) and left atrium (right panel) in simulation of pure systolic left heart failure (E max 2.8 → 1.0). Stroke volume and blood pressure decrease. Left ventricular and atrial volumes as well as filling pressures increase.Back to article page