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Table 1 MAE and RMSE results for the proposed system using Cubemos SDK

From: Joint angle estimation during shoulder abduction exercise using contactless technology

Angle

MAE (\(^\circ\))

RMSE (\(^\circ\))

2 m

2.5 m

3.5 m

2 m

2.5 m

3.5 m

\(\alpha _{L}\)

8.89 ± 1.09

10.08 ± 3.61

10.28 ± 4.40

10.30 ± 1.43

11.86 ± 4.21

12.33 ± 5.66

\(\beta _{L}\)

2.07 ± 0.78

2.20 ± 0.75

2.32 ± 0.61

2.53 ± 0.89

2.66 ± 0.86

2.85 ± 0.71

\(\gamma _{L}\)

2.04 ± 0.054

2.49 ± 0.54

1.90 ± 0.44

2.40 ± 0.55

2.85 ± 0.78

2.40 ± 0.55

\(\alpha _{R}\)

8.91 ± 3.53

9.88 ± 4.14

12.18 ± 8.14

10.44 ± 1.05

11.67 ± 4.65

14.72 ± 10.50

\(\beta _{R}\)

2.69 ± 0.96

2.23 ± 0.84

2.32 ± 0.63

3.16 ± 1.09

2.66 ± 0.92

2.91 ± 0.80

\(\gamma _{R}\)

1.57 ± 0.67

2.01 ± 0.65

1.37 ± 0.47

1.90 ± 0.75

2.39 ± 0.69

1.64 ± 0.55