Table 2 Summary of clinical and echocardiographic characteristics of the subjects
From: Machine learning-enhanced echocardiography for screening coronary artery disease
Characteristic | Total | Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Negative (n = 321) | Positive (n = 497) | |||
Age, year | 64.1 ± 9.7 | 64.2 ± 9.3 | 64.1 ± 9.9 | 0.877 |
Female, n (%) | 303 (37.0) | 167 (52.0) | 136 (27.4) |  < 0.001*** |
Family history of CAD, n (%) | 246 (30.1) | 90 (28.0) | 156 (31.4) | 0.346 |
DM, n (%) | 312 (38.1) | 93 (29.0) | 219 (44.1) |  < 0.001*** |
Smoke, n (%) | 381 (46.6) | 111 (34.6) | 270 (54.3) |  < 0.001*** |
Hyperlipoidemia, n (%) | 587 (71.8) | 223 (69.5) | 364 (73.2) | 0.276 |
Hypertension, n (%) | 547 (66.9) | 206 (64.2) | 341 (68.6) | 0.215 |
BMI, kg/m2 | 25.9 ± 4.8 | 25.7 ± 3.6 | 26.1 ± 5.4 | 0.274 |
Systolic BP, mmHg | 131.6 ± 15.6 | 134.2 ± 16.3 | 129.9 ± 14.9 |  < 0.001*** |
Diastolic BP, mmHg | 76.7 ± 10.6 | 77.9 ± 10.8 | 75.9 ± 10.0 | 0.505 |
Electrocardiogram (Suspected myocardial ischemia), n (%) | 158 (19.3) | 45 (14.0) | 113 (22.7) | 0.003** |
Creatinine, μmol/L | 71.7 ± 25.5 | 67.2 ± 15.9 | 74.5 ± 29.8 |  < 0.001*** |
FPG, mmol/L | 6.1 ± 2.7 | 5.9 ± 3.6 | 6.2 ± 2.0 | 0.181 |
Uric acid, μmol/L | 346.7 ± 85.9 | 335.1 ± 84.5 | 354.3 ± 86.1 | 0.002** |
LDL-C, mmol/L | 2.3 ± 0.9 | 2.3 ± 0.7 | 2.3 ± 1.0 | 0.831 |
HbA1c, % | 6.5 ± 1.0 | 6.2 ± 0.8 | 6.6 ± 1.1 |  < 0.001*** |
Homocysteine, μmol/L | 12.5 ± 6.4 | 12.2 ± 5.5 | 12.7 ± 6.9 | 0.838 |
LVEF, % | 62.6 ± 6.4 | 64.0 ± 3.8 | 61.8 ± 7.5 |  < 0.001*** |
Left atrial diameter, mm | 35.1 ± 4.6 | 35.0 ± 4.6 | 35.2 ± 4.5 | 0.512 |
Mitral E/e’ ratio | 12.1 ± 4.1 | 12.0 ± 3.7 | 12.2 ± 4.3 | 0.652 |
LV end-diastolic diameter, mm | 46.1 ± 4.5 | 45.7 ± 4.2 | 46.4 ± 4.7 | 0.126 |
Regional wall motion abnormalities, n (%) | 87 (10.6) | 16 (5.0) | 71 (14.3) |  < 0.001*** |
GLS, % | −16.6 ± 3.1 | −17.9 ± 2.7 | −15.9 ± 3.1 |  < 0.001*** |
PSD, ms | 69.5 ± 33.9 | 64.5 ± 28.3 | 72.8 ± 36.8 |  < 0.001*** |
GWI, mmHg% | 1798.6 ± 419.2 | 1995.2 ± 393.7 | 1671.6 ± 385.1 |  < 0.001*** |
GCW, mmHg% | 2020.2 ± 432.4 | 2220.8 ± 407.2 | 1890.5 ± 397.5 |  < 0.001*** |
GWW, mmHg% | 131.6 ± 101.4 | 124.7 ± 88.1 | 136.1 ± 108.9 | 0.099 |
GWE, % | 0.9 ± 0.1 | 0.9 ± 0.0 | 0.9 ± 0.1 |  < 0.001*** |
GPW, mmHg% | 1981.7 ± 412.9 | 2178.8 ± 391.4 | 1854.4 ± 374.9 |  < 0.001*** |
GNW, mmHg% | 170.1 ± 106.8 | 166.7 ± 97.3 | 172.2 ± 112.5 | 0.459 |
GSCW, mmHg% | 1940.3 ± 420.0 | 2139.3 ± 394.0 | 1811.8 ± 385.0 |  < 0.001*** |
GSWW, mmHg% | 90.3 ± 90.3 | 85.2 ± 78.3 | 93.5 ± 97.3 | 0.181 |
LASr (Avg), % | 28.9 ± 9.3 | 30.6 ± 9.0 | 27.8 ± 9.3 |  < 0.001*** |
LAScd (Avg), % | −13.8 ± 6.4 | −15.0 ± 6.4 | −13.0 ± 6.4 |  < 0.001*** |
LASct (Avg), % | −15.1 ± 5.9 | −15.4 ± 5.5 | −14.9 ± 6.2 | 0.188 |