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Table 7 Top 40 keywords with the highest frequency of occurrence

From: Emerging trends and hotspot in gut–lung axis research from 2011 to 2021: a bibliometrics analysis

Ranking

Frequency

Year of first occurrence

Keyword

1

362

2013

Gut microbiota

2

280

2011

Inflammation

3

239

2011

Disease

4

238

2011

Infection

5

226

2011

Expression

6

201

2013

Microbiota

7

195

2011

Lung

8

190

2014

Microbiome

9

179

2011

Lung cancer

10

167

2011

Cancer

11

154

2011

Cell

12

144

2011

Asthma

13

115

2015

Intestinal microbiota

14

106

2013

Bacteria

15

106

2011

Mice

16

105

2011

In vitro

17

100

2013

Cystic fibrosis

18

100

2012

Activation

19

99

2013

T cell

20

88

2011

Mechanism

21

86

2011

Colorectal cancer

22

85

2013

Risk

23

84

2011

Identification

24

83

2012

Gut

25

78

2011

Immune response

26

74

2015

Immunity

27

73

2011

Pathogenesis

28

73

2011

Diagnosis

29

72

2013

Diversity

30

70

2011

Model

31

67

2013

Probiotics

32

65

2011

Oxidative stress

33

62

2013

Cell lung cancer

34

62

2014

Children

35

58

2016

Health

36

58

2018

Immunotherapy

37

56

2015

Biomarker

38

55

2011

Therapy

39

54

2013

Metabolism

40

53

2011

Obstructive Pulmonary disease