Table 8 Evaluation metrics (mean ± standard deviation) obtained by selecting features and hyperparameter values from mPower-based database and testing the performance on UEX database

Gradient Boosting

0.6165 ± 0.1046

0.6260 ± 0.1786

0.6089 ± 0.1736

0.6664 ± 0.1216

Logistic Regression

0.6022 ± 0.1175

0.5940 ± 0.2138

0.6114 ± 0.1985

0.6495 ± 0.1426

Passive Aggressive

0.5302 ± 0.1262

0.5877 ± 0.2529

0.4738 ± 0.2426

0.5446 ± 0.1625

Perceptron

0.5877 ± 0.1258

0.5925 ± 0.2219

0.5849 ± 0.2142

0.6322 ± 0.1539

Random Forest

0.6421 ± 0.1003

0.6717 ± 0.1749

0.6152 ± 0.1664

0.6851 ± 0.1216

SVM

0.6053 ± 0.1142

0.6033 ± 0.2062

0.6074 ± 0.2024

0.6511 ± 0.1416