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Table 2 Comparison of predicted facet load of the INT, IMP, and IMPF models for all segments of the L1–L5 lumbar spine

From: Influence of posterior pedicle screw fixation at L4–L5 level on biomechanics of the lumbar spine with and without fusion: a finite element method

 

Extension

Lateral bending

Axial rotation

Condition

L1–L2

L2–L3

L3–L4

L4–L5

L1–L2

L2–L3

L3–L4

L4–L5

L1–L2

L2–L3

L3–L4

L4–L5

INT

44.3 (100%)

95.2 (100%)

101 (100%)

117.6 (100%)

61.7 (100%)

63.8 (100%)

48.7 (100%)

26.4 (100%)

118.2 (100%)

133.4 (100%)

125.6 (100%)

101.3 (100%)

IMP

52.8 (119%)

114.5 (120%)

136.2 (135%)

0 (0%)

75.5 (122%)

79.7 (125%)

60.1 (123%)

0 (0%)

112.9 (96%)

126.9 (95%)

127.9 (102%)

96.8 (96%)

IMPF

60.2 (136%)

131.7 (138%)

155.7 (154%)

0 (0%)

88.5 (143%)

96 (151%)

73.2 (150%)

0 (0%)

157.1 (133%)

177 (133%)

178.1 (142%)

0 (0%)

  1. Units of all values are Newton. Percentages indicate the ROM of all models normalized by the ROM of the intact model