From: Identification of heart rate dynamics during treadmill exercise: comparison of first- and second-order models
Mean ± SD
MD (95% CI)
p-value
\(P_1\)
\(P_2\)
\(P_2 - P_1\)
RMSE/bpm
2.27 ± 0.36
2.07 ± 0.36
\(-0.19\) (\(- \infty \), \(-0.16\))
2.8 \(\times \) \(10^{-10}\)
fit/%
50.2 ± 4.8
54.5 ± 5.2
4.3 (3.6, \(+ \infty \))
6.8 \(\times \) \(10^{-10}\)