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Fig. 2 | BioMedical Engineering OnLine

Fig. 2

From: Identification of heart rate dynamics during treadmill exercise: comparison of first- and second-order models

Fig. 2

Primary outcomes: data samples and differences for RMSE and fit between 22 first-order models, \(P_1\), and 22 second-order models, \(P_2\) (see also Table 1). Sample pairs for each participant are connected by green lines; mean values are shown as red horizontal bars (with numerical values given in Table 1). Sample-pair differences are shown as D (\(P_2 - P_1\)). The mean difference (MD) is depicted as a red bar and the blue arrow is the corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI). For both RMSE and fit, the 95% CI does not contain the value 0, thus showing a significant improvement for \(P_2\) vs. \(P_1\) (\(p < 0.05\), Table 1; the notation **** denotes \(p < 0.0001\))

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