Fig. 12
Copyright 2015 Springer Nature Publishing
a The mean in vivo FP/HW Raman spectra ± 1 standard deviation (SD) of the training dataset (80% of the total dataset) (normal (n = 736); ESCC (n = 202)) for diagnostic algorithms development; b Difference spectra (ESCC—normal) ± 1 SD resolving the unique spectral features of ESCC. The corresponding images of the WLR-guided FP/HW Raman procedures on normal esophagus and ESCC are also shown. Adapted with permission from Ref. [157].