Fig. 6
From: Is there any advantage of using stand-alone cages? A numerical approach
Maximal and minimal principal stresses in the remaining AF (L4–L5) and the adjacent discs (L3–L4 and L5–S1) in flexion, extension, lateral bending (LB) and axial rotation (AR) as percentage of the intact values for each simulated model. For comparison, the stresses were measured at the same IVD location along the models