Max. load (N) | Displacement in Max. load (mm) | Stiffness (N/mm) | Yield force (N) | Displacement in yield force (mm) | Energy (J) | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
No1 | 3261.5 | 8.81 | 393.7 | 2960 | 7.5 | 15.4 |
No2 | 3265.3 | 9.62 | 384.8 | 2965 | 6.8 | 17.9 |
No3 | 3424.5 | 10.27 | 402.1 | 2924 | 7.7 | 19.7 |
No4 | 3290.6 | 9.51 | 398.5 | 2895 | 7.5 | 17.4 |
DHS only (= 4) | 3310 ± 77 | 9.6 ± 0.6 | 395 ± 7.5 | 2936 ± 33 | 7.4 ± 0.4 | 17.6 ± 1.8 |
No1 | 4702.1 | 11.6 | 498.4 | 3883 | 7.90 | 31.70 |
No2 | 4326.1 | 10.4 | 621.9 | 1699 | 2.84 | 27.4 |
DHS with wire (n = 2) | 4514 ± 266* | 11.0 ± 0.8 | 560 ± 87.3* | 2791 ± 1544 | 5.4 ± 3.6 | 29.6 ± 3.0* |
p value | 0.001 | 0.067 | 0.012 | 0.839 | 0.273 | 0.003 |