A review on low-dimensional physics-based models of systemic arteries: application to estimation of central aortic pressure

Table 2 Comparison of different Windkessel models

Model type	Mono-compartment model			Multi-compartment model
Model type	Two-element model	Three-element model	Four-element model	Multi-compartment model
Strengths	The model structure is simplest	The model can describe high frequency effects	The model can represent all the frequency effects well	The model can represent pulse wave propagation
Weaknesses	The model cannot represent high frequency effects	There is small error at low frequency	Parameter estimation is difficult	The model structure is more intricate
Weaknesses	The model cannot describe pulse wave propagation			The model structure is more intricate

ISSN: 1475-925X