Refs. | Year | Mechanism | Distraction accuracy (μm) | Distraction step error (μm) | Operated distraction rate (mm/day) | Maximum travel (mm) | Distraction force (N) | Total size (mm) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
[60] | 1999 | Motor-based | 40 | 0.5 | 1 | 13.6 | – | – |
[51] | 2000 | Hydraulic | – | – | 1.5 | – | 30 to 50 | – |
[40] | 2004 | Motor-based | 1000 | 20 | 1 | 15 | 70 | 60 |
[62] | 2005 | Hydraulic | – | – | 1 | 16 | 20 | – |
[25] | 2008 | Motor-based | – | 80 | 0.9 | 10 | 19 | 55 |
[44] | 2009 | Hydraulic | 10 | 86 | 1 | 25 | 25 to 40 | 30 to 100 |
[26] | 2009 | Syringe pump | – | 21,000 | 0.9 | 15 | – | – |
[35] | 2010 | Motor-based | 600 | – | – | 15 | 35.6 | – |
[24] | 2011 | Motor-based | 200 | 2000 | 1.4 | 7 | 2.84 | 35 |
[63] | 2011 | Motor-based | 0.75 | 30 | 3 | 3 | – | – |
[7] | 2013 | Hydraulic | – | Average < 500 | 1.5 | 12 | 25 to 40 | 18 |
Average < 1000 | 3 | |||||||
– | 4.5 | |||||||
[5] | 2014 | Motor-based | 300 | 4 | 2.4 | 18 | – | – |
[32] | 2015 | Hydraulic | – | – | 3 | 30 | 25 to 40 | – |
Proposed device | Motor-based | 0.00763 | 0.00006 | 1 | 22 | 38 | 25 | |
0.00006 | 3 | |||||||
0.00002 | 5 |