Table 5 Different kinetics have to be considered which influence the processing times during tissue decellularization, purification and processing
From: Processing of collagen based biomaterials and the resulting materials properties
| Time scale | T; T opt (°C) | Reaction rate | Remark | Refs. | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| pH 3 | pH 7 | pH 12 | ||||
| Denaturation | > TD | Seconds | Seconds to hours | Seconds | Depending on the degree of structural organization, crosslinking degree, solvent concentration and additives | [181, 480,481,482,483] |
| Renaturation | 0 to ~ 20; 4 to 10 | Hours to months | Hours to months | Hours to months | Dependent on the sequence, molecular length and covalent crosslinks | [152, 481, 484, 485] |
| Reassembly/fibrillation | 10 to 38; 20 to 35 | – | Minutes to hours | – | Only possible in neutral conditions | [186, 190, 191, 486,487,488] |
| Disassembly | < 37; < 5 | Seconds | Minutes to hours | Seconds | At pH deviating from the IEP a high swelling is observed which can be assumed as disassembly [343] | [189, 191, 487] |
| Crosslinking reaction | Seconds to hours | Seconds to hours | Seconds to hours | Highly dependent on the kind of reaction | [192, 248, 420, 421, 489,490,491] | |
| Diffusion | Hours | Minutes to hours | Hours | See special section | ||