Fig. 1

a A schematic representation of the model (adapted from Lumens et al. with permission). The relation between the scales that are relevant to this study is also shown (LV wall, small tissue patch, myofiber). Altered mechanical deformation in the small patch taking up 0.3% of the volume of the left ventricular (LV) free wall is simulated by changing the activation time by 100 ms relative to the majority of the wall, and the contractility between 2 and 200% of the value for the majority of the LV free wall. b The wall tension traces from the LV free wall for the heart failure (HF), hypocontractility (HF + HYPO.), left bundle-branch block (HF + LBBB), and left bundle-branch block with hypocontractility (HF + LBBB + HYPO) simulations. c Myofiber strain in the small patch from each simulation, with parameters in the patch equal to those in the majority of the LV free wall