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Table 1 Statistics of the variation of the results of the adjusted kinematic model employing the proposed method five times on 100 randomly selected frames using Bootstrapping and a re-sampling parameter of \(N=1000\)

From: Modeling hind-limb kinematics using a bio-inspired algorithm with a local search

Variable

Mean difference (std)

95% Confidence interval

\(l_1\) (pixels)

2.39 (4.87)

1.95–3.02

\(l_2\) (pixels)

1.86 (3.56)

1.56–2.35

\(l_3\) (pixels)

3.32 (6.27)

2.65–4.12

\(l_4\) (pixels)

12.59 (10.48)

11.41–13.79

\(\theta _1\) (rad)

0.02 (0.06)

0.018–0.034

\(\theta _2\) (rad)

0.01 (0.03)

0.013–0.022

\(\theta _3\) (rad)

0.01 (0.02)

0.013–0.019

\(\theta _4\) (rad)

0.36 (1.58)

0.210–0.582