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Table 5 Comparison between measured and simulated parameters for patient 1 on admission

From: Simulation as a preoperative planning approach in advanced heart failure patients. A retrospective clinical analysis

Patient #1

Measured (RHC 1)

Simulation (RHC 1)

LVAD (simulation)

Max

Min

Mean

Max

Min

Mean

Max

Min

Mean

BP (mmHg)

85–90

59

69.3

87.2

60.7

69.3

75.2

62.9

68.2

RA (mmHg)

35

17

29

10.5

3.5

6.5

10.3

3.5

6.5

RV (mmHg)

61

14

38

44.2

8.0

20.4

43.5

8.0

20.1

PA (mmHg)

62.0

30.0

42.0

44.0

39.7

42.0

43.3

38.7

40.9

PCWP (mmHg)

36.0

21.0

32.0

31

18.7

25.0

29.6

16.8

23.1

HR (bpm)

100

100

100

EFLeft (%)

27

26.9

31.4

BSA (m2)

1.98

1.98

1.98

CO (l/min)

2.7

2.7

COVENTR 0.67

QVAD 2.15

TOT 2.82

CI (l/min/m2)

1.36

1.36

0.34

TPG (mmHg)

10

17

18

PVR (wood unit)

3.7

6.3

26.87 (18.0/0.67)

6.38 (18.0/2.15)

RVSWI (g/m2/beat)

2.4

6.53

6.86

 

Estimated

Simulated

Simulated

EDV (ml)

~ 100

100.4

89.76

ESV (ml)

~ 73

73.4

61.57

Ea (mmHg/ml)

~ 3.0

3.2

2.6

Ees (mmHg/ml)

–

0.88

0.88

Ea/Ees

–

3.64

2.95

  1. BP blood pressure, RA right atrial pressure, RV right ventricular pressure, PA pulmonary arterial pressure, PCWP pulmonary capillary wedge pressure, TPG trans-pulmonary pressure gradient, CO cardiac output, CI cardiac index, PVR pulmonary vascular resistance, RVSWI right ventricular stroke work index, HR heart rate, BSA body surface area, EF Left left ventricular ejection fraction, EDV end-diastolic volume, ESV end-systolic volume, Ea arterial elastance, Ees slope of end-systolic pressure–volume relationship (ESPVR)