Fig. 3
Joint moments and joint moment impulses during normal sit-to-stand movements in the first computer simulation and experiment. a, c Indicate the joint moments and the joint moment impulses in the first simulation, respectively, while b, d indicate the joint moments and the joint moment impulses in the experiment, respectively. In a, b, the positive values of the hip, knee, and ankle joint moments represent the hip extension moment, knee flexion moment, and ankle plantarflexion moment