Table 1 Demography of each group

n

14

11

16

–

Age (years, mean ± SD)

55.5 ± 7.2

62.2 ± 6.5

58.6 ± 6.0

n.s.

Median

56

65

59

–

Gender (male/female)

2/12

6/5

9/7

< 0.05

DM duration (years, mean ± SD)

–

8.7 ± 6.0

16.2 ± 9.4

< 0.05

DM complication duration (years, mean ± SD)

–

–

3.7 ± 4.0

–

HTN (n)

1

4

6

–

ABI (mean ± SD)

1.15 ± 0.06

1.18 ± 0.05

1.15 ± 0.06

n.s.

PWV (cm/s, mean ± SD)

1300 ± 96

1674 ± 417***

1560 ± 221***

< 0.0001

HbA1c (mean ± SD)

5.6 ± 0.4

6.6 ± 0.5*

7.6 ± 1.5***

< 0.0001

Smoking (n)

0

1

4

–

Dyslipidemia (n)

1

2

6

–