Fig. 7

Analysis the sample entropy of the agonistic and antagonistic muscle activities between LDH and healthy control during four types of movement. a Forward bending movements, b backward bending movements, c left lateral flexion actions and d right lateral flexion actions. (The agonistic value stand for the sum of sample entropy value of all agonistic muscle sEMG at each movement pattern; the antagonistic value stands for the sum of sample entropy value of all antagonistic muscle sEMG at each movement pattern.)