A finite element model of the lower limb during stance phase of gait cycle including the muscle forces

Table 5 Inertial and reaction forces

Position	Inertial forces ma [N]		Hip joint reaction forces [N]			Forces of the stabilisation springs [N]
Position	Thigh	Leg and foot	RB model (N)	FE model (N)	Relative difference (%)	Forces of the stabilisation springs [N]
Position 1	26	22	765	873	14	13
Position 2	15	43	1498	1566	4.5	18
Position 3	12	7	998	1054	5.6	20
Position 4	16	18	2077	2095	0.8	34
Position 5	17	32	586	678	15.7	10

The soft spring forces and the inertial forces are considered negligible compared to the hip joint reaction forces. The relative difference was estimated by considering the magnitude of the hip joint reaction forces from the RB model as reference value

ISSN: 1475-925X