Fig. 9

Snapshots of initiation and conduction of re-entrant excitation wave in a 2D model of transmural ventricle tissue under the WT, WT-D172N and amiodarone-in-action conditions. a, f, k A planar wave generated by S1 stimulus at the ENDO end, which propagates towards the MIDDLE and EPI regions. Snapshots at time = 10 ms. b, g, l S2 was applied to the MIDDLE-EPI junction region during the vulnerable window of the tissue. c, h, m Developed re-entrant excitation waves. d, i, n Developed re-entrant excitation waves. Snapshots at time 650 ms. e, j, o Snapshots of the re-entrant excitation waves. Re-entry was prevented in the presence of amiodarone. Snapshots at time 1500 ms. p, q, r Evolution of the AP of an EPI cell under the WT, WT-D172N and WT-D172N + low amiodarone conditions, respectively. s, t The measured minimum spatial length of S2 that provides a sufficient substrate for the formation of a re-entrant circuit under WT-D172N and D172N conditions in the presence of amiodarone, respectively