Fig. 5

Physiological waveforms used in simulation. This fluid mechanical property, which is based on flow rate, Q (ml/s), serves as the inlet boundary condition for the carotid artery used in CFD simulation. For the cardiac cycle based on duration of T, the systolic phase (at t = 0.1T), peak phase (at t = 0.2T) and diastolic phase (at t = 0.5T) are characteristic of the waveform