Skip to main content

Table 2 Ventilatory pattern of HF and controls

From: The movement and deposition of PM2.5 in the upper respiratory tract for the patients with heart failure: an elementary CFD study

 

Controls

HF (NYHA III)

VT, ml

920 (155)

949 (297)

Respiratory frequency, bpm

16 (4)

18 (5)

VE, l/min

14.9 (4.1)

16.6 (5.5)

T1/Ttot, %

43 (5)

44 (4)

VT/T1, ml/s−1

568 (147)

622 (205)

  1. Mean (SD); NYHA New York heart association, V T tidal volume, V E minute ventilation, T 1 inspiratory time, T tot total respiratory time, V T /T 1 mean inspiratory flow, bpm breaths per minute