Fig. 4

Circular phase. The touch-down phases of both hindlimbs were quantitatively assessed within one cycle as the time taken from when the right hindlimb lifted-off till the time it touched-down again. During this, the touch-down timing of the left hindlimb was plotted on a pie chart, which provided two indicators: the R and mean Φ values. The mean Φ value was normalized to 50 %. Some dispersion was shown in the R values, with dispersion decreasing as the R value approached 1 and increasing as the R value approached 0. That is, when the mean Φ value was normalized to 0.5, the R value approached 1