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Table 3 Joint angles and moments at the knee

From: Immediate and long-term efficacy of laterally-wedged insoles on persons with bilateral medial knee osteoarthritis during walking

 

Conditions

Evaluation time

p value

Baseline

Follow-up

Barefoot vs. LW at Baseline

Barefoot vs. LW at Follow-up

Baseline vs. Follow-up

Mean

SD

Mean

SD

First peak KAM

 Knee adduction (+)/abduction (−) angle (°)

Barefoot

0.72

1.70

−1.48

3.90

0.51

0.79

0.25

LW

0.01

1.93

−0.92

3.42

0.25

 Knee internal rotation (+)/external rotation (−) angle (°)

Barefoot

2.23

1.57

1.62

4.20

0.53

0.40

0.91

LW

2.85

1.77

3.79

4.47

0.75

 Knee flexion (+)/extension (−) angle (°)

Barefoot

9.41

4.31

16.58

4.90

0.37

0.19

0.03†

LW

11.91

4.90

13.26

3.32

0.25

 Knee abductor (+)/adductor (−) moment (%BW*LL)

Barefoot

5.14

0.71

3.69

1.55

0.15

0.35

0.03†

LW

4.71

0.67

4.21

0.96

0.25

 Knee external rotator (+)/internal rotator (−) moment (%BW*LL)

Barefoot

−0.70

0.33

−0.54

0.21

0.62

0.85

0.35

LW

−0.60

0.33

−0.52

0.25

0.46

 Knee extensor (+)/flexor (−) moment (%BW*LL)

Barefoot

1.57

0.96

3.15

2.48

0.46

0.89

0.17

LW

2.24

1.91

2.97

1.84

0.25

Second peak KAM

 Knee adduction (+)/abduction (−) angle (°)

Barefoot

1.22

1.49

−1.15

3.86

0.7

0.57

0.17

LW

0.85

1.87

0.00

2.91

0.17

 Knee internal rotation (+)/external rotation (−) angle (°)

Barefoot

3.64

2.53

3.48

3.98

0.78

0.32

0.60

LW

4.05

2.56

5.59

3.10

0.60

 Knee flexion (+)/extension(−) angle (°)

Barefoot

7.53

2.89

13.24

5.28

0.44

0.16

0.04†

LW

9.36

4.83

9.26

3.92

0.75

 Knee abductor (+)/adductor (−) moment (%BW*LL)

Barefoot

5.16

0.71

3.26

1.76

0.04*

0.23

0.02†

LW

4.53

0.67

4.04

0.60

0.25

 Knee external rotator (+)/internal rotator (−) moment (%BW*LL)

Barefoot

−1.83

0.36

−1.25

0.63

0.31

0.28

0.12

LW

−1.61

0.37

−1.54

0.15

0.75

 Knee extensor(+)/flexor (−) moment (%BW*LL)

Barefoot

−1.63

1.09

−0.54

1.94

0.94

0.21

0.46

LW

−1.67

0.89

−1.62

0.49

0.92

  1. SD standard deviation, LW laterally-wedged, LL leg length, BW body weight.
  2. * Significant difference barefoot versus LW at Baseline.
  3. †Significant difference Baseline versus Follow-up during barefoot condition.