Figure 2
Algorithm for (left) detection of R-T impedance increases, (right) VAD operation conditions, and (middle and bottom) comparison of R-T impedance and prediction. (a) the R-wave detection in v-ECG, (b) the T-wave detection, (c) the calculation of LVI change during R-T period, (d) the prediction of volume change from v-ECG and LVAD inflow, (e) the impedance prediction, (f) the result of low-pass filter and (g) the comparison of the predicted value and the measured.