Table 1 Patient Characteristics. a = p < 0.05, b = p < 0.01 Impaired Relaxation vs Normal, d = p < 0.01 Heart Failure vs Normal, e = p < 0.05, f = p < 0.01 Heart Failure vs Impaired Relaxation.
From: Thermodynamic phase plane analysis of ventricular contraction and relaxation
Normal | Impaired Relaxation | Heart Failure | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
Age | years | 53.5 ± 7.6 | 61.3 ± 7.8 | 59 ± 6.6 |
Sex | 4M 2F | 3M 3F | 4M 2F | |
EF | percent | 68.8 ± 8. 6 | 69.5 ± 7.8 | 37.5 ± 6.4d,f |
LVEDP | mmHg | 7.0 ± 3.0 | 17.5 ± 1.4b | 22.4 ± 8.7d |
τ | ms | 41.9 ± 5.2 | 73.4 ± 14.3b | 86.3 ± 25.6d |
ESV | ml | 41.0 ± 15.7 | 51.5 ± 15.7 | 139.5 ± 30.7d,f |
EDV | ml | 129.9 ± 34.3 | 173.0 ± 48.9 | 223.7 ± 46.8d |
E es | mmHg/ml | 3.5 ± 1.8 | 2.93 ± 0.9 | 0.96 ± 0.3d,e |
M sw | mmHg | 0.87 ± 0.19 | 0.89 ± 0.20 | 0.39 ± 0.18d,f |
dP/dt max | mmHg/s | 1207 ± 124 | 1102 ± 129 | 1070 ± 185 |
dP/dt min | mmHg/s | -1536 ± 193 | -1256 ± 78a | -1095 ± 204d |
Hr | beats/min | 73.9 ± 7.1 | 61.7 ± 8.6 | 71.3 ± 12.5 |
SP | mmHg | 129.5 ± 18.6 | 151.2 ± 28.0 | 135.3 ± 20.3 |
DP | mmHg | 67.7 ± 6.7 | 79.4 ± 10.5a | 80.7 ± 8.8 |