Table 1 Description of the parameters used in the study

ρ

To initialize the level set function. ρ > 0 is a constant.

σ

Scale parameter in Gaussian kernel (GCV: σ = 1; LBF: σ = 3; our model: σ = 5).

λ ₁

Inner weight of contour C (LBF: λ ₁ = 1).

λ ₂

Outer weight of contour C (LBF: λ ₂ = 1).

ϵ

The parameter of H ₃ and δ ₃ (LBF: ϵ = 1; our model: ϵ = 0.3).

∆t

Time step (GCV: ∆t = 1; LBF: ∆t = 0.1; our model: ∆t = 1).

β

The weight of ω (our model: β = 1).

π

π = 3.14 is a constant.

α

Balloon force (GCV and our model: α determined according to images).