Characterization of the head-to-trunk orientation with handheld optical 3D apparatus based on the fringe projection technique

Table 1 In-vitro measured head rotation angles with XOT, LS and HHC

Position			XOT	LS	HHC
Position			mean ± std [°]	mean ± std [°]	mean ± std [°]
Reference		φ	0.00 ± 0.12	0.01 ± 0.06	2.75 ± 0.98
Reference		θ	0.00 ± 0.12	0.00 ± 0.05	−1.01 ± 0.56
		ψ	0.00 ± 0.13	0.00 ± 0.14	0.52 ± 0.37
Natural		φ	−8.23 ± 0.11	−8.47 ± 0.05	−5.47 ± 1.09
Natural		θ	−26.68 ± 0.12	−26.63 ± 0.06	−26.14 ± 0.82
		ψ	1.31 ± 0.13	1.62 ± 0.13	1.45 ± 1.24
Rotation	left	φ	1.03 ± 0.11	1.37 ± 0.14	1.60 ± 1.92
	left	θ	−50.82 ± 0.12	−49.79 ± 0.12	−50.43 ± 1.90
		ψ	7.12 ± 0.12	6.91 ± 0.18	7.91 ± 1.92
	right	φ	−2.02 ± 0.11	−3.31 ± 0.16	−1.69 ± 1.31
	right	θ	40.00 ± 0.11	41.25 ± 0.07	39.88 ± 0.43
		ψ	−0.53 ± 0.13	0.66 ± 0.21	−0.07 ± 0.69
Lateral tilting	left	φ	3.13 ± 0.11	0.87 ± 0.09	4.06 ± 0.58
	left	θ	−1.19 ± 0.11	−0.99 ± 0.06	−3.16 ± 0.33
		ψ	35.55 ± 0.14	37.81 ± 0.11	39.81 ± 0.85
	right	φ	−0.04 ± 0.11	−0.02 ± 0.11	2.11 ± 1.05
	right	θ	1.93 ± 0.11	2.13 ± 0.10	4.60 ± 1.06
		ψ	−33.65 ± 0.12	−35.14 ± 0.14	−34.53 ± 0.88
flexion/extension	flexion	φ	27.87 ± 0.11	27.85 ± 0.06	27.10 ± 0.53
	flexion	θ	−0.73 ± 0.10	1.07 ± 0.06	0.04 ± 0.39
		ψ	4.08 ± 0.14	5.59 ± 0.16	6.33 ± 0.36
	extension	φ	−31.58 ± 0.13	−31.36 ± 0.09	−29.56 ± 1.01
	extension	θ	−7.09 ± 0.12	−7.88 ± 0.06	−6.41 ± 0.69
		ψ	−3.7 ± 0.16	−2.02 ± 0.14	−2.69 ± 0.54

ISSN: 1475-925X