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Table 2 Key observations during simulation of pathological states

From: Closed-loop real-time simulation model of hemodynamics and oxygen transport in the cardiovascular system

Case

HR

SAP

LAP

LVEF

LVSV

LVSW

LVEDV

LVESP

 

min-1

mmHg

mmHg

%

ml

mmHg·ml

ml

mmHg

Normal physiology

72

112/61(79)

4.8

67

71

6735

107

94

Systolic heart failure

72

84/51(62)

8.1

39

52

3499

133

77

Diastolic heart failure

72

90/53(66)

9.2

69

66

4194

83

72

Aortic stenosis

72

89/55(68)

7.1

46

58

9117

126

181

Aortic regurgitation

72

110/42(65)

7.1

76

101

8842

133

83

  1. HR heart rate, SAP systemic arterial pressure, LAP left atrial pressure, LVSV left ventricular stroke volume, LVSW left ventricular stroke work, LVEDV left ventricular end diastolic volume, LVESP left ventricular end systolic pressure.