Telepointer | Pointer manipulation/ Relationship | Hardware requirements | Advantage | Disadvantage |
---|---|---|---|---|
Laser | One to many | •Mounted laser pointer | •Expert can point directly to the specific point on the patient | •Not sufficient enough to lead the direction |
•Video camera | ||||
•Computer devices | ||||
•Save the search time with more accurate location | ||||
•Video display | ||||
•Easily incorporated into the modern operating theatre | ||||
•Low cost installation. | ||||
Cursor | One to one | •Computer devices | •Easily incorporated into the modern operating theatre since computer is important devices at hospital for management and etc. | •Small graphical pointer on the screen display |
One to many | •Videoconferencing devices | |||
•Movement may not be noticeable especially in large screen | ||||
•Doctor at local side needs to look repeatedly at the projected image to see the exact location of the expert’s pointer | ||||
•Low cost installation. | ||||
•Having to learn how to operate the mouse | ||||
•Insufficient for an effective collaboration | ||||
Sketching | One to many | •Portable computer devices (PDA / Tablet) | •Freedom to draw anything without any restriction | •Doctor at local side needs to look repeatedly at the projected image to see the exact location of the expert’s pointer |
•Videoconferencing devices | •Multiple shape and size of pointer increase viewer awareness | |||
•Telestrator devices | ||||
•Stylus pen | ||||
Hands | One to one | •Computer devices | •Can form many shapes of hand gestures | •High cost for installation |
•Face video camera | ||||
•High bandwidth | ||||
•Complex algorithm | ||||
•Overhead video camera | ||||
•Screen video camera | ||||
 |  | •Wearable devices |  |  |