Figure 1From: Influence of model complexity and problem formulation on the forces in the knee calculated using optimization methodsKnee resultant forces and moments during gait. Resultant forces R ⇀ and moments M ⇀ at the knee joint in a typical subject during level walking. For the resultant forces, X is the anterior (+)/posterior (−) component; Y is the superior (+)/inferior (−) component; and Z is the lateral (+)/medial (−) component. For the resultant moments, X is the adductor (+)/abductor (−) component; Y is the internal (+)/external (−) rotator component; and Z is the extensor (+)/flexor (−) component.Back to article page