Figure 1
From: Transfer Entropy Estimation and Directional Coupling Change Detection in Biomedical Time Series
Lamb experiment: example waveforms and derived time series. Panels A, B, and C show examples of tidal volume, PCO 2 and PO 2 waveforms, respectively. The onset and offset of each inspiration are marked with an open circle in panel A. The time series (in panel D) was derived from the tidal volume waveform as described in the text. The end-tidal PCO 2 (ET PCO 2 in panel E) and end-tidal PO 2 (ET PO 2 in panel F) time series were extracted from the measurements of PCO 2 and PO 2 in the end-expiratory air, respectively, as indicated by the open circles in panels B and C.