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Table 1 Comparison of modelling techniques for cardiovascular dynamics studies

From: Review of Zero-D and 1-D Models of Blood Flow in the Cardiovascular System

Method of study

Suitable research target

Time

0D (lumped parameter) model

Global cardiovascular dynamics in the whole circulation system; General pressure and flow-rate changes in a local circulation loop; possibly to provide boundary conditions for local 3D models

domain

Distributed

1D

Pulse wave transmission; improved boundary conditions for 3D local models, capable of capturing systemic wave reflection effects

study

parameter

2D

Local flow field study in axisymmetric domains; further improvement of boundary conditions for local 3D models, but limited applicability

 

model

3D

Local flow field study in full 3D domains

Frequency domain study

Frequency response analysis of cardiovascular system after linearization